Texas Pacific Land Corporation (NYSE: TPL) (the “Company,” “TPL,” “we,” “our,” or “us”), one of the largest land and royalty owners in the State of Texas with surface and royalty ownership that provides revenue opportunities through the support of energy production and related industries, today announced its financial and operating results for the third quarter of 2026.

“Our third quarter results were the strongest in TPL’s history with new records set across our business,” said Tyler Glover, Chief Executive Officer of the Company. “TPL again generated record revenue, net income, and free cash flow. Our royalty acreage benefited from robust development activity, elevated oil prices, and improved gas realizations, driving record oil and gas royalty revenue. Pipeline easement revenue was strong as operators expanded development of midstream infrastructure. The continued trend of growing Permian produced water supported record produced water royalty volumes and revenues. Finally, our efforts towards data centers, power generation, and produced water desalination and beneficial reuse continue to progress, and we are steadfastly working to advance those into meaningful commercial outcomes.”

Third Quarter 2026 Highlights

  • Achieved record performance results, including:

    • Oil and gas royalty revenue of $167.3 million and oil and gas royalty production of 42.3 thousand barrels of oil equivalent (“Boe”) per day

    • Produced water royalty revenue of $41.4 million and produced water royalty volumes of 5.5 million barrels (“bbl”) per day

    • Land and Resource Management segment revenues of $201.6 million

    • Consolidated revenues of $273.4 million

    • Consolidated net income of $167.4 million, or $2.42 per share (diluted)

    • Adjusted EBITDA(1) of $238.4 million

    • Free cash flow(1) of $170.3 million

  • Water Services and Operations segment revenues of $71.8 million

  • As of September 30, 2026, TPL’s royalty acreage had an estimated 5.7 net well permits, 8.6 net drilled but uncompleted wells (“DUCs”), and 2.5 net completed but not producing wells (“CUPs”), totaling 16.8 net wells.(2) TPL had 132.5 net producing wells as of September 30, 2026, and net producing wells added during the quarter had an average lateral length of approximately 10,623 feet.

  • Quarterly cash dividend of $0.60 per share was paid on September 15, 2026

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2026 Highlights

  • Oil and gas royalty production of 39.7 thousand Boe per day

  • Water sales revenue of $115.0 million

  • Produced water royalty revenue of $112.0 million

  • Land and Resource Management segment revenues of $519.0 million

  • Water Services and Operations segment revenues of $237.3 million

  • Consolidated net income of $464.2 million, or $6.73 per share (diluted)

  • Adjusted EBITDA(1) of $635.4 million

  • Free cash flow(1) of $462.3 million

  • $124.6 million of total cash dividends paid through September 30, 2026

  • $122.7 million of aggregate land acquisitions in Shackelford and Jones Counties, Texas, in connection with our data center and power generation initiatives, and in Winkler and Reeves Counties, Texas.

  • Completed construction and commenced commissioning of the Phase 2B produced water desalination facility in Orla, Texas with anticipated capacity of 10,000 inlet barrels per day.

  • Announced an agreement with Chevron U.S.A. Inc., a subsidiary of Chevron Corporation (NYSE: CVX) (“Chevron”) to provide land and brackish water resources for Chevron’s recently announced development known as Project Kilby, involving a large-scale power generation facility Chevron is developing to support a customer data center in Reeves County, Texas.

  • On May 5, 2026, TPL’s board of directors (the “Board”) appointed Peter Doyle to the Board. Mr. Doyle is a co-founder and the Co-Chief Executive Officer of Horizon Kinetics, which, through various owned subsidiaries, is TPL’s largest stockholder.

(1)

Reconciliations of non-GAAP performance measures are provided in the tables below.

(2)

Total may not foot due to rounding.

Financial Results for the Third Quarter of 2026 – Sequential

The Company reported net income of $167.4 million for the third quarter of 2026 compared to net income of $153.9 million for the second quarter of 2026.

Total revenues for the third quarter of 2026 were $273.4 million compared to $246.1 million for the second quarter of 2026. The increase in total revenues was primarily due to a $21.7 million increase in oil and gas royalty revenue, a $12.5 million increase in easements and other surface-related income, and a $4.3 million increase in produced water royalties, partially offset by an $11.3 million decrease in water sales compared to the second quarter of 2026. For oil and gas royalty revenue, the Company’s average realized price was $44.97 per Boe in the third quarter of 2026 compared to $42.17 per Boe in the second quarter of 2026, and the Company’s share of production was 42.3 thousand Boe per day for the third quarter of 2026 compared to 39.7 thousand Boe per day for the second quarter of 2026. Water sales decreased in the third quarter of 2026 compared to the second quarter of 2026 due to a decrease in average realized pricing, partially offset by an increase in water sales volumes. TPL’s revenue streams are directly impacted by commodity prices and development and operating decisions made by its customers.

Total operating expenses were $65.6 million for the third quarter of 2026 compared to $54.2 million for the second quarter of 2026. The increase in operating expenses was principally related to a $6.2 million increase in depreciation, depletion and amortization expense, a $2.6 million increase in general and administrative expenses, and a $2.2 million increase in water service-related expenses during the third quarter of 2026 compared to the second quarter of 2026.

Financial Results for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2026 – Year Over Year

The Company reported net income of $464.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to net income of $358.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025.

Total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 were $756.3 million compared to $586.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. The increase in total revenues was primarily due to a $116.1 million increase in oil and gas royalty revenue, a $21.3 million increase in produced water royalties, a $20.2 million increase in land sales, a $6.1 million increase in water sales, and a $6.0 million increase in easements and other surface-related income during the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to the same period of 2025. The Company’s share of oil and gas production was 39.7 thousand Boe per day for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to 33.6 thousand Boe per day for the same period of 2025, and the Company’s average realized price was $41.60 per Boe for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to $36.01 per Boe for the same period of 2025. Produced water royalties increased due to increased produced water volumes, and water sales increased primarily due to increased water sales volumes. TPL’s revenue streams are directly impacted by commodity prices and development and operating decisions made by its customers.

Total operating expenses were $174.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to $143.7 million for the same period of 2025. The increase in operating expenses was principally related to a $12.9 million increase in depreciation, depletion and amortization, a $9.9 million increase in general and administrative expenses, a $4.7 million increase in salaries and related employee expenses, and a $3.7 million increase in water service-related expenses during the nine months ended September 30, 2026 compared to the same period of 2025.

Quarterly Dividend Declared

On November 2, 2026, the Board declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.60 per share, payable on December 15, 2026 to stockholders of record at the close of business on December 1, 2026.

Conference Call and Webcast Information

The Company will hold a conference call on Thursday, November 5, 2026 at 9:30 a.m. Central Time to discuss third quarter results. A live webcast of the conference call will be available on the Investors section of the Company’s website at www.TexasPacific.com. To listen to the live broadcast, go to the site at least 15 minutes prior to the scheduled start time in order to register and install any necessary audio software.

The conference call can also be accessed by dialing 1-877-407-4018 or 1-201-689-8471. The telephone replay can be accessed by dialing 1-844-512-2921 or 1-412-317-6671 and providing the conference ID# 13759100. The telephone replay will be available starting shortly after the call through November 19, 2026.

About Texas Pacific Land Corporation

Texas Pacific Land Corporation is one of the largest land and royalty owners in the State of Texas, with the majority of its ownership concentrated in the Permian Basin. The Company is not an oil and gas producer, but its land and royalty ownership provides revenue opportunities throughout the life cycle of a well. These revenue opportunities include providing pipeline, utility, wellbore, and commercial easements/leases; monetizing caliche and materials resources; supplying source and recycled/treated produced water for well completions; allowing access to subsurface pore space; granting produced water crossing rights; and monetizing oil and gas royalty and mineral interests.

Visit TPL at www.TexasPacific.com.

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements in this news release are, and certain statements made on the related conference call may be, forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that are based on TPL’s beliefs, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, TPL, and therefore involve risks and uncertainties that are difficult to predict. Generally, future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” or “may” and the words “believe,” “anticipate,” “continue,” “intend,” “expect,” and similar expressions or the negative of such terms identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, references to strategies, plans, objectives, expectations, intentions, assumptions, future operations, and prospects; statements regarding anticipated benefits of recent acquisitions or the Permian Basin’s future drilling inventory and energy resources; and other statements that are not historical facts. You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Although TPL believes that plans, intentions and expectations reflected in or suggested by any forward-looking statements made herein are reasonable, TPL may be unable to achieve such plans, intentions or expectations and actual results, and performance or achievements may differ materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including, but not limited to: the initiation or outcome of potential litigation; any changes in general economic and/or industry specific conditions; and the other risks discussed in TPL’s Annual Report on Form 10-K and its Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. You can access TPL’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) through the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov and TPL strongly encourages you to do so. These forward-looking statements are based only on information available to TPL and speak only as of the date hereof. Except as required by applicable law, TPL undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements or other statements herein for revisions or changes after this communication is made.

FINANCIAL AND OPERATIONAL RESULTS

(unaudited)

 

Oil and Gas Activity

 

The table below provides financial and operational data by royalty stream:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

September 30,

2026

 

June 30,

2026

 

September 30,

2026

 

September 30,

2025

Company’s share of production volumes (1):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil (MBbls)

 

 

1,578

 

 

1,280

 

 

4,203

 

 

3,616

Natural gas (MMcf)

 

 

7,051

 

 

7,161

 

 

20,006

 

 

17,031

NGL (MBbls)

 

 

1,142

 

 

1,142

 

 

3,312

 

 

2,705

Equivalents (MBoe)

 

 

3,895

 

 

3,615

 

 

10,849

 

 

9,160

Equivalents per day (MBoe/d)

 

 

42.3

 

 

39.7

 

 

39.7

 

 

33.6

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil and gas royalty revenue (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil royalties

 

$

125,910

 

$

119,273

 

$

335,810

 

$

229,932

Natural gas royalties

 

 

15,628

 

 

2,618

 

 

28,049

 

 

33,576

NGL royalties

 

 

25,737

 

 

23,698

 

 

67,172

 

 

51,448

Total oil and gas royalties

 

$

167,275

 

$

145,589

 

$

431,031

 

$

314,956

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Realized prices (1):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil ($/Bbl)

 

$

83.57

 

$

97.55

 

$

83.67

 

$

66.59

Natural gas ($/Mcf)

 

$

2.40

 

$

0.40

 

$

1.52

 

$

2.13

NGL ($/Bbl)

 

$

24.37

 

$

22.44

 

$

21.93

 

$

20.56

Equivalents ($/Boe)

 

$

44.97

 

$

42.17

 

$

41.60

 

$

36.01

_____________

(1)

Term

 

Definition

 

Bbl

 

One stock tank barrel of 42 U.S. gallons liquid volume used herein in reference to crude oil, condensate or NGL.

 

Boe

 

One barrel of oil equivalent.

 

MBbls

 

One thousand barrels of crude oil, condensate or NGL.

 

MBoe

 

One thousand Boe.

 

MBoe/d

 

One thousand Boe per day.

 

Mcf

 

One thousand cubic feet of natural gas.

 

MMcf

 

One million cubic feet of natural gas.

 

NGL

 

Natural gas liquids. Hydrocarbons found in natural gas that may be extracted as liquefied petroleum gas and natural gasoline.

Water Services and Operations Activity
 

The table below provides financial and operational data for water sales and produced water royalties:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

September 30,

2026

 

June 30,

2026

 

September 30,

2026

 

September 30,

2025

Water volumes (in MBbls) (1):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Water sales

 

 

61,796

 

 

60,343

 

 

195,886

 

 

186,491

Produced water royalties

 

 

509,748

 

 

443,337

 

 

1,367,534

 

 

1,123,010

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Water volumes in barrels per day (in MBbls/d) (2):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Water sales

 

 

672

 

 

663

 

 

718

 

 

683

Produced water royalties

 

 

5,541

 

 

4,872

 

 

5,009

 

 

4,114

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Water revenue (in thousands):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Water sales

 

$

28,437

 

$

39,733

 

$

115,033

 

$

108,968

Produced water royalties

 

$

41,386

 

$

37,075

 

$

111,990

 

$

90,705

________________

(1)

MBbl = 1 thousand barrels of water.

(2)

MBbl/d = 1 thousand barrels of water per day.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(in thousands, except share and per share amounts) (unaudited)

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

September 30,

2026

 

June 30,

2026

 

September 30,

2026

 

September 30,

2025

Revenues:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil and gas royalties

 

$

167,275

 

 

$

145,589

 

 

$

431,031

 

 

$

314,956

Water sales

 

 

28,437

 

 

 

39,733

 

 

 

115,033

 

 

 

108,968

Produced water royalties

 

 

41,386

 

 

 

37,075

 

 

 

111,990

 

 

 

90,705

Easements and other surface-related income

 

 

36,181

 

 

 

23,662

 

 

 

77,158

 

 

 

71,163

Land sales

 

 

111

 

 

 

—

 

 

 

21,055

 

 

 

819

Total revenues

 

 

273,390

 

 

 

246,059

 

 

 

756,267

 

 

 

586,611

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Salaries and related employee expenses

 

 

17,167

 

 

 

15,562

 

 

 

47,716

 

 

 

43,031

Water service-related expenses

 

 

13,817

 

 

 

11,570

 

 

 

39,674

 

 

 

36,005

General and administrative expenses

 

 

10,600

 

 

 

8,004

 

 

 

27,235

 

 

 

17,356

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

 

 

22,833

 

 

 

16,639

 

 

 

53,515

 

 

 

40,603

Ad valorem and other taxes

 

 

1,190

 

 

 

2,467

 

 

 

6,199

 

 

 

6,701

Total operating expenses

 

 

65,607

 

 

 

54,242

 

 

 

174,339

 

 

 

143,696

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating income

 

 

207,783

 

 

 

191,817

 

 

 

581,928

 

 

 

442,915

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

 

(981

)

 

 

(973

)

 

 

(2,946

)

 

 

—

Other income, net

 

 

3,590

 

 

 

2,854

 

 

 

8,672

 

 

 

15,649

Income before income taxes

 

 

210,392

 

 

 

193,698

 

 

 

587,654

 

 

 

458,564

Income tax expense

 

 

43,024

 

 

 

39,768

 

 

 

123,454

 

 

 

100,534

Net income

 

$

167,368

 

 

$

153,930

 

 

$

464,200

 

 

$

358,030

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income per share of common stock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

$

2.43

 

 

$

2.23

 

 

$

6.73

 

 

$

5.19

Diluted

 

$

2.42

 

 

$

2.23

 

 

$

6.73

 

 

$

5.19

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

 

68,974,683

 

 

 

68,974,580

 

 

 

68,969,482

 

 

 

68,952,951

Diluted

 

 

69,036,336

 

 

 

69,034,580

 

 

 

69,019,458

 

 

 

69,024,846

SEGMENT OPERATING RESULTS

(dollars in thousands) (unaudited)

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

 

September 30,

2026

 

June 30,

2026

 

 

Land and

Resource Management

 

Water

Services and Operations

 

Consolidated

 

Land and

Resource Management

 

Water

Services and Operations

 

Consolidated

Revenues:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil and gas royalties

 

$

167,275

 

 

$

—

 

 

$

167,275

 

 

$

145,589

 

 

$

—

 

 

$

145,589

 

Water sales

 

 

—

 

 

 

28,437

 

 

 

28,437

 

 

 

—

 

 

 

39,733

 

 

 

39,733

 

Produced water royalties

 

 

—

 

 

 

41,386

 

 

 

41,386

 

 

 

—

 

 

 

37,075

 

 

 

37,075

 

Easements and other surface-related income

 

 

34,182

 

 

 

1,999

 

 

 

36,181

 

 

 

18,278

 

 

 

5,384

 

 

 

23,662

 

Land sales

 

 

111

 

 

 

—

 

 

 

111

 

 

 

—

 

 

 

—

 

 

 

—

 

Total revenues

 

 

201,568

 

 

 

71,822

 

 

 

273,390

 

 

 

163,867

 

 

 

82,192

 

 

 

246,059

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Salaries and related employee expenses

 

 

9,247

 

 

 

7,920

 

 

 

17,167

 

 

 

8,347

 

 

 

7,215

 

 

 

15,562

 

Water service-related expenses

 

 

—

 

 

 

13,817

 

 

 

13,817

 

 

 

—

 

 

 

11,570

 

 

 

11,570

 

General and administrative expenses

 

 

7,247

 

 

 

3,353

 

 

 

10,600

 

 

 

5,245

 

 

 

2,759

 

 

 

8,004

 

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

 

 

17,647

 

 

 

5,186

 

 

 

22,833

 

 

 

11,695

 

 

 

4,944

 

 

 

16,639

 

Ad valorem and other taxes

 

 

1,149

 

 

 

41

 

 

 

1,190

 

 

 

2,279

 

 

 

188

 

 

 

2,467

 

Total operating expenses

 

 

35,290

 

 

 

30,317

 

 

 

65,607

 

 

 

27,566

 

 

 

26,676

 

 

 

54,242

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating income

 

 

166,278

 

 

 

41,505

 

 

 

207,783

 

 

 

136,301

 

 

 

55,516

 

 

 

191,817

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

 

(785

)

 

 

(196

)

 

 

(981

)

 

 

(779

)

 

 

(194

)

 

 

(973

)

Other income, net

 

 

2,728

 

 

 

862

 

 

 

3,590

 

 

 

2,140

 

 

 

714

 

 

 

2,854

 

Income before income taxes

 

 

168,221

 

 

 

42,171

 

 

 

210,392

 

 

 

137,662

 

 

 

56,036

 

 

 

193,698

 

Income tax expense

 

 

34,456

 

 

 

8,568

 

 

 

43,024

 

 

 

28,230

 

 

 

11,538

 

 

 

39,768

 

Net income

 

$

133,765

 

 

$

33,603

 

 

$

167,368

 

 

$

109,432

 

 

$

44,498

 

 

$

153,930

 

SEGMENT OPERATING RESULTS (Continued)

(dollars in thousands) (unaudited)

 

 

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

September 30,

2026

 

September 30,

2025

 

 

Land and

Resource Management

 

Water

Services and Operations

 

Consolidated

 

Land and

Resource Management

 

Water

Services and Operations

 

Consolidated

Revenues:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Oil and gas royalties

 

$

431,031

 

 

$

—

 

 

$

431,031

 

 

$

314,956

 

$

—

 

$

314,956

Water sales

 

 

—

 

 

 

115,033

 

 

 

115,033

 

 

 

—

 

 

108,968

 

 

108,968

Produced water royalties

 

 

—

 

 

 

111,990

 

 

 

111,990

 

 

 

—

 

 

90,705

 

 

90,705

Easements and other surface-related income

 

 

66,909

 

 

 

10,249

 

 

 

77,158

 

 

 

61,568

 

 

9,595

 

 

71,163

Land sales

 

 

21,055

 

 

 

—

 

 

 

21,055

 

 

 

819

 

 

—

 

 

819

Total revenues

 

 

518,995

 

 

 

237,272

 

 

 

756,267

 

 

 

377,343

 

 

209,268

 

 

586,611

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Salaries and related employee expenses

 

 

25,152

 

 

 

22,564

 

 

 

47,716

 

 

 

21,727

 

 

21,304

 

 

43,031

Water service-related expenses

 

 

—

 

 

 

39,674

 

 

 

39,674

 

 

 

—

 

 

36,005

 

 

36,005

General and administrative expenses

 

 

17,987

 

 

 

9,248

 

 

 

27,235

 

 

 

10,392

 

 

6,964

 

 

17,356

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

 

 

38,536

 

 

 

14,979

 

 

 

53,515

 

 

 

27,279

 

 

13,324

 

 

40,603

Ad valorem and other taxes

 

 

5,958

 

 

 

241

 

 

 

6,199

 

 

 

6,667

 

 

34

 

 

6,701

Total operating expenses

 

 

87,633

 

 

 

86,706

 

 

 

174,339

 

 

 

66,065

 

 

77,631

 

 

143,696

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating income

 

 

431,362

 

 

 

150,566

 

 

 

581,928

 

 

 

311,278

 

 

131,637

 

 

442,915

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

 

(2,357

)

 

 

(589

)

 

 

(2,946

)

 

 

—

 

 

—

 

 

—

Other income, net

 

 

6,449

 

 

 

2,223

 

 

 

8,672

 

 

 

12,399

 

 

3,250

 

 

15,649

Income before income taxes

 

 

435,454

 

 

 

152,200

 

 

 

587,654

 

 

 

323,677

 

 

134,887

 

 

458,564

Income tax expense

 

 

91,334

 

 

 

32,120

 

 

 

123,454

 

 

 

70,804

 

 

29,730

 

 

100,534

Net income

 

$

344,120

 

 

$

120,080

 

 

$

464,200

 

 

$

252,873

 

$

105,157

 

$

358,030

NON-GAAP PERFORMANCE MEASURES AND DEFINITIONS

In addition to amounts presented in accordance with GAAP, we also present certain supplemental non-GAAP performance measurements. These measurements are not to be considered more relevant or accurate than the measurements presented in accordance with GAAP. In compliance with the requirements of the SEC, our non-GAAP measurements are reconciled to net income, the most directly comparable GAAP performance measure. For all non-GAAP measurements, neither the SEC nor any other regulatory body has passed judgment on these non-GAAP measurements.

EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and Free Cash Flow

EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measurement of earnings before interest expense, taxes, depreciation, depletion and amortization. The purpose of presenting EBITDA is to highlight earnings without finance, taxes, and depreciation, depletion and amortization expense, and its use is limited to specialized analysis.

The purpose of presenting Adjusted EBITDA is to highlight earnings without non-cash activity such as share-based compensation and other non-recurring or unusual items, if applicable. Additionally, Adjusted EBITDA is a metric used by the compensation committee of our Board to evaluate the Company’s performance in determining the short-term and long-term incentive compensation of our executive officers on an annual basis. We calculate Adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA plus employee share-based compensation, less land sale with financing arrangement and pension curtailment and settlement gain, as applicable to the periods presented.

The purpose of presenting free cash flow is to provide investors a metric to measure the funds available for investing in future acquisitions and returning capital to our stockholders through dividends and share repurchases after current income tax expense and purchases of fixed assets. Additionally, free cash flow is a metric used by the compensation committee of our Board to evaluate the Company’s performance in determining the short-term and long-term incentive compensation of our executive officers. To calculate free cash flow, net income is adjusted by adding back income tax expense, depreciation, depletion and amortization and employee share-based compensation, less current income tax expenses, land sale with financing arrangement, purchases of fixed assets and pension curtailment and settlement gain, as applicable to the periods presented.

We have presented EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and free cash flow because we believe that these metrics are useful supplements to net income in analyzing the Company’s operating performance, ability to fund future acquisitions, ability to return capital to our stockholders and explaining how our executive officers are compensated. Our definitions of EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and free cash flow may differ from computations of similarly titled measures of other companies.

The following table presents a reconciliation of net income to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and September 30, 2025 (in thousands):

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

September 30,

2026

 

June 30,

2026

 

September 30,

2026

 

September 30,

2025

Net income

 

$

167,368

 

$

153,930

 

$

464,200

 

 

$

358,030

Add:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

 

981

 

 

973

 

 

2,946

 

 

 

—

Income tax expense

 

 

43,024

 

 

39,768

 

 

123,454

 

 

 

100,534

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

 

 

22,833

 

 

16,639

 

 

53,515

 

 

 

40,603

EBITDA

 

 

234,206

 

 

211,310

 

 

644,115

 

 

 

499,167

Add (deduct):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Employee share-based compensation

 

 

4,168

 

 

4,279

 

 

12,189

 

 

 

10,061

Land sale with financing arrangement

 

 

—

 

 

—

 

 

(20,944

)

 

 

—

Adjusted EBITDA

 

$

238,374

 

$

215,589

 

$

635,360

 

 

$

509,228

The following table presents a reconciliation of net income to free cash flow for the three months ended September 30, 2026 and June 30, 2026 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and September 30, 2025 (in thousands):

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

September 30,

2026

 

June 30,

2026

 

September 30,

2026

 

September 30,

2025

Net income

 

$

167,368

 

 

$

153,930

 

 

$

464,200

 

 

$

358,030

 

Add (deduct):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income tax expense

 

 

43,024

 

 

 

39,768

 

 

 

123,454

 

 

 

100,534

 

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

 

 

22,833

 

 

 

16,639

 

 

 

53,515

 

 

 

40,603

 

Employee share-based compensation

 

 

4,168

 

 

 

4,279

 

 

 

12,189

 

 

 

10,061

 

Current income tax expense

 

 

(52,580

)

 

 

(38,161

)

 

 

(127,819

)

 

 

(95,430

)

Land sale with financing arrangement

 

 

—

 

 

 

—

 

 

 

(20,944

)

 

 

—

 

Purchases of fixed assets

 

 

(13,984

)

 

 

(21,853

)

 

 

(43,185

)

 

 

(30,878

)

(Increase) decrease in accounts payable related to purchases of fixed assets

 

 

(505

)

 

 

930

 

 

 

855

 

 

 

(3,444

)

Free cash flow

 

$

170,324

 

 

$

155,532

 

 

$

462,265

 

 

$

379,476

 

 

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